From d42fc79c255906766daa5fdc324c3cd22bcb6e84 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Karina <karinyash96@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2026 14:44:10 +0400
Subject: [PATCH] WIP: Rust std for termos's userspace

---
 .gitignore                             |  3 +-
 CMakeLists.txt                         | 20 +++-----
 Runtime/rust/.cargo/config.toml        | 20 +++++---
 Runtime/rust/CMakeLists.txt            | 48 +++++++------------
 Runtime/rust/Cargo.lock                | 42 ++++++++++++++--
 Runtime/rust/Cargo.toml                |  5 +-
 Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/Cargo.toml     |  5 +-
 Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/lib.rs     | 19 --------
 Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/main.rs    |  4 ++
 Runtime/rust/rterm/src/lib.rs          | 36 --------------
 Runtime/rust/rust-toolchain.toml       |  2 +
 Runtime/rust/{rterm => std}/Cargo.toml |  3 +-
 Runtime/rust/std/src/allocator.rs      | 14 ++++++
 Runtime/rust/std/src/io.rs             | 30 ++++++++++++
 Runtime/rust/std/src/lib.rs            | 49 +++++++++++++++++++
 Runtime/rust/std/src/panic.rs          |  9 ++++
 Runtime/rust/std/src/syscall.rs        | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 Runtime/rust/x86_64-termos.json        | 15 ++++++
 System/CMakeLists.txt                  |  1 +
 19 files changed, 273 insertions(+), 118 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/lib.rs
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/main.rs
 delete mode 100644 Runtime/rust/rterm/src/lib.rs
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/rust-toolchain.toml
 rename Runtime/rust/{rterm => std}/Cargo.toml (57%)
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/std/src/allocator.rs
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/std/src/io.rs
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/std/src/lib.rs
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/std/src/panic.rs
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/std/src/syscall.rs
 create mode 100644 Runtime/rust/x86_64-termos.json

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index a9af418..55c28a3 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@ build*
 initrd/image.cpio
 initramfs/*
 
-target
\ No newline at end of file
+target
+Cargo.lock
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index fd48f54..55f0f40 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -42,30 +42,22 @@ set(INITRAMFS_CPIO_FILE "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/StartupVolume.cpio")
 set(IMG_FILE "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/termOS.img")
 
 if(MCOPY_EXE AND MKFS_EXE AND CPIO_EXE)
-add_custom_command(
-        OUTPUT ${INITRAMFS_CPIO_FILE}
+    add_custom_target(image ALL
         COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${VOLUME_ROOT}
         COMMAND sh -c "find . -mindepth 1 ! -name '*.cpio' -print0 | ${CPIO_EXE} --null -ov -H newc > \"${INITRAMFS_CPIO_FILE}\""
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${VOLUME_ROOT}
-        DEPENDS ${SYSTEM_SERVICES}
-        VERBATIM
-        COMMENT "Packing StartupVolume to cpio..."
-    )
-    
-    add_custom_command(
-        OUTPUT ${IMG_FILE}
+        
         COMMAND dd if=/dev/zero of=${IMG_FILE} bs=1M count=64 status=none
         COMMAND ${MKFS_EXE} -F 32 ${IMG_FILE}
         COMMAND mmd -i ${IMG_FILE} ::/EFI ::/EFI/BOOT
         COMMAND ${MCOPY_EXE} -i ${IMG_FILE} $<TARGET_FILE:BOOTX64> ::/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI
         COMMAND ${MCOPY_EXE} -i ${IMG_FILE} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/kernel.bin ::/kernel.bin
         COMMAND ${MCOPY_EXE} -i ${IMG_FILE} ${INITRAMFS_CPIO_FILE} ::/StartupVolume.cpio
-        DEPENDS BOOTX64 kernel ${INITRAMFS_CPIO_FILE}
+        
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${VOLUME_ROOT}
+        DEPENDS BOOTX64 kernel ${SYSTEM_SERVICES}
         VERBATIM
-        COMMENT "Generating bootable image: ${IMG_FILE}"
+        COMMENT "Packing initramfs and generating bootable image: ${IMG_FILE}"
     )
-
-    add_custom_target(image ALL DEPENDS ${IMG_FILE})
 endif()
 
 if(QEMU_EXE)
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/.cargo/config.toml b/Runtime/rust/.cargo/config.toml
index a4c35ca..b5dda58 100644
--- a/Runtime/rust/.cargo/config.toml
+++ b/Runtime/rust/.cargo/config.toml
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
-[build]
-target = "x86_64-unknown-none"
+[env]
+RUST_TARGET_PATH = { value = ".", relative = true }
 
-[target.x86_64-unknown-none]
-rustflags = [
-    "-C", "code-model=small",
-    "-C", "relocation-model=static",
-    "-C", "no-redzone=y",
+[build]
+target = "x86_64-termos"
+
+[unstable]
+build-std =["core", "alloc", "compiler_builtins"]
+build-std-features = ["compiler-builtins-mem"]
+
+[target.x86_64-termos]
+rustflags =[
+    "-Z", "unstable-options",
+    "-C", "link-arg=-Tlinker.ld"
 ]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/CMakeLists.txt b/Runtime/rust/CMakeLists.txt
index c19fe16..59747e8 100644
--- a/Runtime/rust/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/Runtime/rust/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,40 +1,26 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
-project(rustApps LANGUAGES C ASM_NASM)
+project(rustApps NONE)
 
 function(add_rust_app NAME)
-    set(RUST_LIB_FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/target/x86_64-unknown-none/release/lib${NAME}.a")
-
-    add_custom_target(cargo_build_${NAME} ALL
-        COMMAND cargo build --package ${NAME} --release
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
-        BYPRODUCTS ${RUST_LIB_FILE}
-        COMMENT "Cargo: Building bare-metal Rust app '${NAME}'..."
-    )
-
-    add_library(rust_lib_${NAME} STATIC IMPORTED)
-    set_target_properties(rust_lib_${NAME} PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION ${RUST_LIB_FILE})
-    add_dependencies(rust_lib_${NAME} cargo_build_${NAME})
-    add_executable(${NAME} $<TARGET_OBJECTS:RuntimeEntryObject>)
-    set_target_properties(${NAME} PROPERTIES LINKER_LANGUAGE C)
-    target_link_libraries(${NAME} PRIVATE rust_lib_${NAME} term)
-
-    target_link_options(${NAME} PRIVATE
-        -T ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/linker.ld
-        -nostdlib
-        -static
-        -mno-red-zone
-    )
-
-    set(ELF2HOT_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/tools/elf2hot")
-    set(STARTUP_VOLUME_DIR "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/StartupVolume/System/CoreServices")
-    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${STARTUP_VOLUME_DIR}")
+    set(RUST_TARGET "x86_64-termos")
+    set(RUST_ELF_FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/target/${RUST_TARGET}/release/${NAME}")
     
+    set(STARTUP_VOLUME_DIR "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/StartupVolume/System/CoreServices")
     set(FINAL_HOT_PATH "${STARTUP_VOLUME_DIR}/${NAME}")
+    set(STRIPPED_ELF "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${NAME}.stripped")
+    set(ELF2HOT_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/tools/elf2hot")
 
-    add_custom_command(TARGET ${NAME} POST_BUILD
-        COMMAND cargo run --release --quiet -- $<TARGET_FILE:${NAME}> ${FINAL_HOT_PATH}
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${ELF2HOT_DIR}
-        COMMENT "elf2hot: Converting ${NAME} to HOT! format..."
+    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${STARTUP_VOLUME_DIR}")
+
+    add_custom_target(${NAME} ALL
+        COMMAND cargo build --package ${NAME} --release --target ${RUST_TARGET}
+        
+        COMMAND objcopy --strip-all ${RUST_ELF_FILE} ${STRIPPED_ELF}
+         
+        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E chdir ${ELF2HOT_DIR} cargo run --release --quiet -- ${STRIPPED_ELF} ${FINAL_HOT_PATH}
+        
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+        COMMENT "Building, stripping and packing ${NAME} to initramfs..."
         VERBATIM
     )
 endfunction()
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/Cargo.lock b/Runtime/rust/Cargo.lock
index 5d0533a..45eaf4b 100644
--- a/Runtime/rust/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Runtime/rust/Cargo.lock
@@ -3,12 +3,48 @@
 version = 4
 
 [[package]]
-name = "rterm"
-version = "0.1.0"
+name = "linked_list_allocator"
+version = "0.10.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2b23ac50abb8261cb38c6e2a7192d3302e0836dac1628f6a93b82b4fad185897"
+dependencies = [
+ "spinning_top",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "lock_api"
+version = "0.4.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "224399e74b87b5f3557511d98dff8b14089b3dadafcab6bb93eab67d3aace965"
+dependencies = [
+ "scopeguard",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rtest"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "rterm",
+ "std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "scopeguard"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "94143f37725109f92c262ed2cf5e59bce7498c01bcc1502d7b9afe439a4e9f49"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "spinning_top"
+version = "0.2.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5b9eb1a2f4c41445a3a0ff9abc5221c5fcd28e1f13cd7c0397706f9ac938ddb0"
+dependencies = [
+ "lock_api",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "std"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "linked_list_allocator",
 ]
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/Cargo.toml b/Runtime/rust/Cargo.toml
index 0dda78d..ec2f81d 100644
--- a/Runtime/rust/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Runtime/rust/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 [workspace]
-members = ["rterm", "apps/rtest"]
+members = ["std", "apps/rtest"]
 
-resolver = "2"
+[profile.release]
+strip = true
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/Cargo.toml b/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/Cargo.toml
index dbd8979..7d369e2 100644
--- a/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/Cargo.toml
@@ -3,8 +3,5 @@ name = "rtest"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
-[lib]
-crate-type = ["staticlib"]
-
 [dependencies]
-rterm = { path = "../../rterm" }
\ No newline at end of file
+std = { path = "../../std" }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/lib.rs b/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/lib.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index b89f75a..0000000
--- a/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/lib.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#![no_std]
-
-extern crate alloc;
-use alloc::string::String;
-use alloc::vec::Vec;
-
-extern crate rterm; 
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn main() -> i32 {
-    let mut my_vec = Vec::new();
-    my_vec.push(1);
-    my_vec.push(2);
-
-    let text = String::from("Hello from zalupa!");
-    rterm::print_str(&text);
-
-    0
-}
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/main.rs b/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52ea6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/apps/rtest/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+fn main() {
+    let anus = "jopa";
+    println!("meow");
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/rterm/src/lib.rs b/Runtime/rust/rterm/src/lib.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index d32179a..0000000
--- a/Runtime/rust/rterm/src/lib.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-#![no_std]
-
-extern crate alloc;
-
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-use core::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout};
-
-unsafe extern "C" {
-    fn MemoryAllocate(size: usize) -> *mut u8;
-    fn MemoryFree(ptr: *mut u8);
-    fn ConsolePrintString(s: *const u8);
-}
-
-struct TermosAllocator;
-
-unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for TermosAllocator {
-    unsafe fn alloc(&self, layout: Layout) -> *mut u8 {
-        MemoryAllocate(layout.size())
-    }
-
-    unsafe fn dealloc(&self, ptr: *mut u8, _layout: Layout) {
-        MemoryFree(ptr);
-    }
-}
-
-#[global_allocator]
-static ALLOCATOR: TermosAllocator = TermosAllocator;
-
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(_info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    loop {}
-}
-
-pub unsafe fn print_str(s: &str) {
-    ConsolePrintString(s.as_ptr());
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/rust-toolchain.toml b/Runtime/rust/rust-toolchain.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..271800c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/rust-toolchain.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[toolchain]
+channel = "nightly"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/rterm/Cargo.toml b/Runtime/rust/std/Cargo.toml
similarity index 57%
rename from Runtime/rust/rterm/Cargo.toml
rename to Runtime/rust/std/Cargo.toml
index d654d5c..f3d0911 100644
--- a/Runtime/rust/rterm/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Runtime/rust/std/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 [package]
-name = "rterm"
+name = "std"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
+linked_list_allocator = "0.10.6"
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/std/src/allocator.rs b/Runtime/rust/std/src/allocator.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99ab718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/std/src/allocator.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+extern crate alloc;
+
+use core::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout};
+use linked_list_allocator::LockedHeap;
+
+#[global_allocator]
+static ALLOCATOR: LockedHeap = LockedHeap::empty();
+
+pub unsafe fn init_heap() {
+    let heap_size = 1024 * 1024;
+    let heap_start = crate::syscall::memory_allocate(heap_size);
+
+    ALLOCATOR.lock().init(heap_start as *mut u8, heap_size);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/std/src/io.rs b/Runtime/rust/std/src/io.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9fd515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/std/src/io.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+use core::fmt::{self, Write};
+
+pub struct Stdout;
+
+impl Write for Stdout {
+    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {
+        crate::syscall::io_write(1, s.as_ptr(), s.len());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub fn _print(args: core::fmt::Arguments) {
+    let mut stdout = crate::io::Stdout;
+    let _ = core::fmt::Write::write_fmt(&mut stdout, args);
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! print {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::io::_print(core::format_args!($($arg)*)));
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! println {
+    () => ($crate::print!("\n"));
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
+        $crate::print!($($arg)*);
+        $crate::print!("\n");
+    };
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/std/src/lib.rs b/Runtime/rust/std/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38c1cf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/std/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![feature(lang_items)]
+
+pub use core::*;
+extern crate alloc;
+pub use alloc::*;
+
+pub mod allocator;
+pub mod io;
+pub mod panic;
+pub mod syscall;
+
+
+pub mod prelude {
+    pub mod rust_2024 {
+        pub use core::prelude::rust_2024::*;
+        pub use alloc::string::{String, ToString};
+        pub use alloc::vec::Vec;
+        pub use alloc::vec;
+        pub use alloc::format;
+        pub use crate::{print, println};
+    }
+}
+
+core::arch::global_asm!(
+    ".global _start",
+    "_start:",
+    "and rsp, ~0xF",
+    "xor rdi, rdi",
+    "xor rsi, rsi",
+    "call main",
+    "mov rdi, rax",
+    "mov rax, 0",
+    "syscall"
+);
+
+#[lang = "start"]
+fn lang_start<T>(
+    user_main: fn() -> T,
+    _argc: isize,
+    _argv: *const *const u8,
+    _sigpipe: u8,
+) -> isize {
+    unsafe { crate::allocator::init_heap() };
+    
+    user_main();
+    
+    crate::syscall::process_exit(0);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/std/src/panic.rs b/Runtime/rust/std/src/panic.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65b3dda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/std/src/panic.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+use crate::println;
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    println!("{}", info);
+    
+    crate::syscall::process_exit(1);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/std/src/syscall.rs b/Runtime/rust/std/src/syscall.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1293b41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/std/src/syscall.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+use core::arch::asm;
+
+pub const SYS_EXIT: usize  = 0;
+pub const SYS_SPAWN: usize = 1;
+pub const SYS_ALLOC: usize = 2;
+pub const SYS_WRITE: usize = 3;
+pub const SYS_READ: usize  = 4;
+pub const SYS_WAIT: usize  = 5;
+
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn syscall1(num: usize, arg1: usize) -> usize {
+    let ret: usize;
+    unsafe {
+        asm!(
+            "syscall",
+            inout("rax") num => ret,
+            in("rdi") arg1,
+            out("rcx") _,
+            out("r11") _,
+            options(nostack, preserves_flags)
+        );
+    }
+    ret
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
+unsafe fn syscall3(num: usize, arg1: usize, arg2: usize, arg3: usize) -> usize {
+    let ret: usize;
+    core::arch::asm!(
+        "syscall",
+        in("rax") num,
+        in("rdi") arg1,
+        in("rsi") arg2,
+        in("rdx") arg3,
+        lateout("rax") ret,
+        out("rcx") _,
+        out("r11") _,
+        options(nostack)
+    );
+    ret
+}
+
+pub fn process_exit(code: usize) -> ! {
+    unsafe { syscall1(SYS_EXIT, code) };
+    loop {}
+}
+
+pub fn process_spawn(path: usize) -> usize {
+    unsafe { syscall1(SYS_SPAWN, path) }
+}
+
+pub fn process_wait(pid: usize) -> usize {
+    unsafe { syscall1(SYS_WAIT, pid) }
+}
+
+pub fn memory_allocate(size: usize) -> usize {
+    unsafe { syscall1(SYS_ALLOC, size) }
+}
+
+pub fn io_write(fd: usize, buf: *const u8, len: usize) -> usize {
+    unsafe { syscall3(SYS_WRITE, fd, buf as usize, len) }
+}
+
+pub fn io_read(fd: usize, buf: *const u8, len: usize) -> usize {
+    unsafe { syscall3(SYS_READ, fd, buf as usize, len) }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Runtime/rust/x86_64-termos.json b/Runtime/rust/x86_64-termos.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..185f7ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runtime/rust/x86_64-termos.json
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "llvm-target": "x86_64-unknown-none",
+  "data-layout": "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128",
+  "arch": "x86_64",
+  "target-endian": "little",
+  "target-pointer-width": 64,
+  "target-c-int-width": 32,
+  "os": "termos",
+  "executables": true,
+  "linker-flavor": "ld.lld",
+  "linker": "rust-lld",
+  "panic-strategy": "abort",
+  "position-independent-executables": true,
+  "relocation-model": "pic"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/System/CMakeLists.txt b/System/CMakeLists.txt
index 3635de8..b3d896a 100644
--- a/System/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/System/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ target_compile_options(kernel PRIVATE
         -Wall -Wextra
         -mcmodel=kernel
         -g
+        -mno-sse -mno-sse2 -msoft-float
     >
 )